[ 45 ] Earth and Space Science GED ® TEST SCIENCE FLASH REVIEW • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • The passing of one object in space through the shadow of another object is called an eclipse. The orbits of the moon and Earth in relation to the sun cause both solar and lunar eclipses to occur. During a solar eclipse, the specific alignment of these three objects causes the moon to cast a shadow on Earth. During a lunar eclipse, the alignment causes Earth to cast a shadow on the moon. The following diagram shows the sun, Earth, and moon during a lunar eclipse. Where on the image would the moon need to be for a solar eclipse? • Penumbra Umbra Moon Earth Sun